Responding to Berger

This post represents a strengthening in my critical position of academic mystification which, I submit, is usually achieved by means of excessively complex jargon. Perhaps in reaction to this sin of scholarship, I utilize informal language and engage in frank self-disclosure, possibly verging on the contextually inappropriate. While I condemn Berger (and Galloway) for academic posturing and distantiation, maybe I am “regular Joe” posturing and trying too desperately to connect. This would make us — Berger, Galloway, and me — not horses of a different color, but two sides of the same coin. And considering my “corruption” by years of higher education, such a characterization is probably more accurate. I end with a call to find some middle ground between “folks” and “philosophers,” the School of Life and Life in School. I hope that my work always reflects my honest effort to bridge this distance.


Ways of Communicating: Response to Berger’s (1972) Ways of Seeing. (originally posted to class wiki on September 8, 2010)

PART 1

PART 2

PART 3

PART 4

“Our goal should not be to model books on television or television on books but instead to discover the most rigorous, stimulating and sophisticated ways to take advantage of different platforms’ unique capabilities” (Kozberg, 2010).

I agree entirely with Alison’s well-turned phrase, and find that it echoes Thembi’s observation in class that utilizing HootSuite in order to simultaneously update your profile on various social media platforms (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, Buzz, LinkedIn) is tantamount to spamming. What both of my fiercely smart classmates are arguing, I think, is that there is such a thing as message-platform appropriateness (see Media Richness Theory, Daft & Lengel, 1986). You don’t share exquisitely detailed technical instructions face-to-face, you don’t interview for a job via text, you don’t deliver hash-taggy URL’s to your online resume, and you don’t deconstruct the visual via print.

Am I reading you right, ladies?

It’s difficult to really appreciate our myriad ways of seeing when all we’re seeing is text, and imprecisely written text at that. Like Alison, I bristle at the gender essentialism (which was present even in the television show — his claim, “Men dream of women; women dream of themselves being dreamt of. Men look at women; women watch themselves being looked at… Women constantly meet glances, which act like mirrors, reminding them of how they look, or how they should look. Behind every glance is a judgment” (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u72AIab-Gdc, first minute).) that ran rampant through this book’s pages.

I feel a real frustration with the language of scholarship, particularly art scholarship. What is our objective here? Are we trying to communicate, really, or are we just trying to say a lot of things that maybe sound smart to the stupes who are impressed by polysyllables?

At dinner tonight, my aunt told me that she couldn’t understand an email I sent. Friends who are NOT in academia did understand it, and I swear to whatever, I broke down my studies as simply as I could, but that’s the kind of statement that gives me chills:

“I didn’t understand a word of it. Do they teach you how to write that way?”

She tends to exaggerate, my aunt. Let’s all acknowledge that. But heaven forbid I lose touch, don’t know how to talk to people outside this ivory tower, jack up my hubris-inflated sense of myself, expound ineffectively for purposes unimportant. Maybe that’s what I should dress up as for Halloween, the pathetic academic — that’s the scary monster that haunts me.

So I take issue with Berger’s TV show too. I know he talked to kids, I know he wore groovy 70s shirts, I know he had a humanizing speech impediment, but… eh? Is it still a little full of itself? Is it still a little distancing? I don’t know, I really don’t. I like how he juxtaposed classical art and contemporary video — great way to make connections and keep the old relevant… Ah, but this space is for figuring things out, right? For ruminating and experimenting? If I put such imprecise ramblings on limestone, that’d be message-platform inappropriateness. Oh! And it all ties together…

But seriously, I’m struggling. I certainly don’t want to limit scholarship or imply that intelligence/expertise should be cloaked. In fact, quite the opposite. Moreover, I find the tide of anti-intellectualism in this country ignorant and dangerous…

Let me digress for a minute. The third-person effect is a communication phenomenon. Researchers have found that individuals tend to overestimate the degree to which other people, NOT their superior selves, will fall prey to trickery/noxious influences. “Oh, sugary cereal ads won’t influence me/my kids, but my kids’ friends will probably be duped and want to buy Glucose Snappers, so let’s pull that commercial from Saturday morning television.” Capische? So I want to acknowledge the third-person effect too — it basically tells us, we’re terrible judges of what other people think and how impervious we’re really not.

Here’s how I’m putting this all together:

Maybe I need to give lay people more credit (and regard my aunt as the outlier). But maybe it couldn’t hurt for us, we in this bookish community, to turn up our vigilance. Let’s make sure we avoid becoming our own caricatures, NOT solely because we assume (perhaps fallaciously) that outsiders can’t understand us and/or that they’re out to financially lynch our industry and/or ridicule our ways. Let’s keep on being grounded and human-speaking in order to ensure that our eyes remain fixed on the all-important prize: using this education to meaningfully contribute.

Interpreting Stone

Allucquere Rosanne Stone’s (1996) The War of Desire and Technology at the Close of the Mechanical Age is a significant addition to the historical record, shedding light on the development of such important early digital havens as Atari Labs and CommuniTree, as well as (unintentionally) demonstrating the ephemeral nature of the current and cutting-edge — when it comes to technology, new products on the market are, in a sense, already “old.”


Desire and technology in the workplace: Exploration, reification & transgression (originally presented to the class on September 30, 2010)

Demonstrating uncommon insight for her time, Stone (1996) expounds on the novel affordances offered by computers:

Computers are arenas for social experience and dramatic interaction, a type of media more like public theater, and their output is used for qualitative interaction, dialogue, and conversation. Inside the little box are other people” (p. 16).
“Ubiquitous technology, which is definitive of the virtual age, is far more subtle. It doesn’t tell us anything. It rearranges our thinking apparatus so that different thinking just is” (p. 168).

Stone (1996) also examines the concept of multiplicity. She claims:

“The nets are spaces of transformation, identity factories in which bodies are meaning machines and transgender — identity as performance, as play, as wrench in the smooth gears of social apparatus of the social apparatus of vision — is the ground state” (pp. 180-181).

Contemporary actor/performance artist Sarah Jones embodies multiplicity in her appropriation of diverse characters within a one-woman show. Her performance demonstrates corporeally what the Internet can deliver virtually.

Sarah Jones as One Woman Global Village

Designing like Barbara Kruger

Freedom, regardless of gender and sexual orientation, is currently under review. Justices, lawmakers, and advocates are examining the repeal of “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” as well as weighing the constitutionality of California’s Proposition 8. While less of a “headline-grabber,” sexual oppression in contexts of both war (e.g., prisoner-directed sexual violence, such as humiliation, rape, and forced marriage, in Iraq and the Congo, to name a few) and “peace” (e.g., civilian-directed sexual violence, such as harassment and rape, in every country on the planet) commands the attention of millions.

This piece attempts to initiate a dialogue on these subjects, using art as a lens to examine power.


Posturing (originally submitted to class wiki on September 16, 2010)

I chose this iconic image because, the more I looked at it, the more suspicious of it I became. While I’d formerly been swept away on a tide of joy and romance — Hooray! The war is over! — I began noticing signs of possible domination and artificiality. First, I looked at the couple’s hands. Check out the nurse’s left, clutching her leg/buttock. What is that about? While her right foot pop seems carefree, her squeeze suggests something else, something other than a passionate desire to hold her smooching sailor. The sailor’s left hand is bizarre also. He isn’t cradling her skull tenderly, he’s got her neck slung over his upper arm and his fist is aloft. Just as she avoided the opportunity to reach out and touch him, so too does he avoid a meaningful embrace. When we add this to the firm grip he’s got on her waist, the kiss seems more and more like a man-handle. He seized an object and had his way with it. But good.

In this sense, it evokes another famous image of a kiss — that of Gustav Klimt. The full portrait shows the woman’s feet dangling over the edge of a cliff.

However, the feet detail is usually cropped out.

Devoid of this context, the image is sweet and sensual, the stuff of postcard purveyors’ and corporate postermakers’ commercial dreams. But the original indicates that our lady is actually in peril, and so the power relationship is called into question. Is she a supplicant to an abusive sexual harasser? Is she a damsel in distress saved by a loving white knight? Then we could start to interrogate her neck position and facial expression. Is she demurely enjoying the kiss or merely tolerating this physical incursion?

With this informing my perspective, I began to question why the sailor would so insistently impose his kiss — and it’s a whopper, check out his mouth, he could swallow that nurse whole! We can see the smiling approval of the dark-suited sailor on the left. And the photographer’s camera could not have been subtle — this is 1945, afterall. The equipment did not blend.

Robert Doisneau’s famous image of a kiss has caught some flak for being posed.

I do not believe that the WWII photographer arranged his subjects as Doisneau had. However, I do wonder if there is an artificiality to the image all the same; I wonder if the sailor posed himself, specifically for a performance of gender. “See how manly I am! Yeah!!!” The buddy sees, and laughs, and approves. The camera sees, and by extension, the nation. Cries America: Hooray for heterosexuality! (We will ignore the sexual assault!)

So again, why so insistent, this machismo? The culture of the military is good enough an answer. But with the possibility of repealing “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell,” it makes me think about all of the homosexuals who, for years, have served in silence. What if this were a display of pre-emptive or reactive hetero-normative masculinity? That might explain the sailor’s urgency and pandering to voyeurs’ gaze. I purposely made this text ambiguous so that the owner of this interior monologue is unclear: Who has the boyfriend, the man or the woman? The X out of “boyfriend jealous” and line “nation relieved” can be read as a comment on Americans’ unease with homosexuality or our appreciation of this image because it seemed to signify that things were back to normal, that we were happy and released from the yoke of war, and could joyously celebrate with a swak to the kisser.

Gender and sexuality

We were merely asked to emulate the design principles of Barbara Kruger and Shepard Fairey and to choose a book from the syllabus to present. Nothing in those assignments suggested a particular topic nor required consistent examination of that topic throughout. But upon reflection, I find that all of my work did focus on a common theme: gender and sexuality.

In my Kruger-esque design, I reflect on women’s and gay men’s oppression by traditional masculinity. The Fairey-inspired piece explores Hillary Rodham Clinton’s embodiment of the march of progress for feminism and women — and the backlash this shift has provoked. Stone‘s text illuminates collisions between the virtual and corporeal, examining both new media’s potential for facilitating gender-bending and sexual experimentation and its implications for reforming workplace dynamics and community participation.